Improved vise



ita

,States *rmt EDWIN CRAWLEY AND THOMAS L. BAYLIES, OF RICHMOND, INDI-ANA.

,Letters Patent No. 89,469, dated April 27, 1869.

IMPRovED vIsE.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent andl mkiifg part of thesame.

vnot pressing upon anything.

Figure 2 is an elevation, showing the position they assume when pressingan object which has been placed between them, or when they come incontact with each other.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the nut, through which thetightening-screw passes.

Corresponding letters in the several figures represent correspondingparts.

This invention relates to an improvement in automatic vises, or thatclass of vises the moving jaw of which has a rapid motion, when beingadjusted with reference to the object to be secured therein, but whichhas a slower motion, and an increased force imparted to it, when itcomes in contact with the thing to be held; and

It consists in the combination and arrangement of the parts of which itis composed, as will be more fully described hereinafter.

A, in the drawings, represents the back, or fixed jaw of the vise, whichis to be provided with the necessary projections for securing it to abench, and ata suitableplace, with reference to its length. It is to beprovided with ears, A', which may be formed upon said jaw, or they maybe made separate therefrom,` and be secured to it by bolts, or rivets-At the point where these ears, or projections are joined to the jaw A,it isto be reduced in thickness, so that the space between such earsshall onlybe equal to the thickness of the jaw B, at the point wherev itenters between said ears.

B represents the outer, or movable jawk of the vise, which may be ofwrought, or cast-metal, and provided with the projection B upon itsinner edge, for entering the space between the ears upon jaw A. It is tobe of any required length, and is to have the usual aperture through itsupper end for the passage of the tightening-screw. t

C represents the tightening-screw, which may be of the usualconstruct-ion, except that it is to have a much coarser thread thanscrews usually employed for such purposes, so that the jaw may have amore rapid motion than it does in ordinary vises. This arrangement is ofgreat importance in vises of this construction, as it results in aconsiderable saving of time, in-

asmuch as, when the jaw is approaching or receding from the article tobe clamped, its movement will be rapid, and, as the force to be applieddoesnot depend 'entirely upon the screw, but upon the'action of a seriesof levers in combination therewith, it follows that any required amountoi" compressing-force can be applied by it. This screw is to have theusual head'upon its outer end, and is to be supplied with the usualhandle,

or lever for turning the same.

D represents the nut,through which screw O passes..

Upon each end of this nut journals may be formed,

`for the purpose of enabling i-t to t within and control the movementsof the lever E, The back side of this nut, or that portion of it whichcomes in contact with -the stationary jaw of thevise, is slightlycurved, or

rounded, so as to insure its always having a fair bearin g upon suchjaw, when in contact therewith.

It will be seen, upon reference to fig.y 2 of the draw-l ings, that aslever E and nut D recede from the fixed jaw, the nut, in order that itmay maintain its proper position with reference to the screw, mustnecessarily partially rotate upon the journals formed -upon it,

[which is an additional function performed by such journals.

E represents a lever, which, when the jaws of the vise are not actingupon any article to hold the same, assumes the position shown in iig. 1,which is about in line with the inner edge of the ixed jaw A. The

lower end of this lever passes between the ears, or

projections A', and is pivoted to them at a point near their loweredges, while its upper bifurcated end extends to and embraces the nut D.

F represents an arm, or lever, which, in the present case, is pivoted tothe movable jaw upon its edge, and at apoint nearly opposite the centreof the tighteningscrew, and extends, nearly in a line therewith, toandsome distance beyond the rear side of the .fixed jaw A.

rUpon that portion of the. upper surface of this arm, or lever whichcomes opposite the fixed jaw, and for some distance each way therefrom,there are formed serrations, or teeth, which -serve to receive the endof the pawl, or Adog I, for a' purposel to be hereinafter ex'- plain'ed.

Itvwill be observed, that this arm is provided with a slot, as shown atc, which is for the purpose of allowing it to travel back and forth withthe jaw B, a screw passing through said slot, and into jaw A, for thepurpose of retaining the back end of said lever in position during suchmovement.

We have shown and described this bar, or arm as attached to the edge ofthe jaws, but it'is apparent that a slot may be formed through the jaws,and,

This last-named arrangement we prefer for some forms of vises, andespecially for such as are made of wrought-iron, as in such casesftheforming of such slots will not endanger, to any great extent, thebreaking of such jaws, and, as it willaiford a more compact arrangementof the parts, and place them more coml pletely out of the way, and wherethey would be less likely to be injured by falling weights.

G represents a spring, which is to be attached to the lower portion ofthe jaws, or'to a projection formed thereon, for the purpose of actingupon such jaws for the purpose of separating their upper ends, as theVtightening-screw is turned outward.

H represents a spring, which may be attached to I represents a dog, orpawl, which is to be pivotcdv to the jaw A, at such a point as willpermit its outer end to fall into and engage with teeth formed upon theupper surface of the arm, or lever F, for the purpose of bringing thelever-F into action so soon as the v jaws come in contact with thearticle to be held.

K represents a tripping-toe, which may be attached to the side of leverE, or it mayhave a projection upon its side, which may rest within theslot of such lever. In either case, it is to travel with said lever, andis for the purpose of tripping said pawl, it being so arranged withrelation thereto, thatwhen the jaws-of the vise are to be separated forthepurpose of receiving the article to be held, it will, by the actionof spring H and lever E, raise the pawl out of the notches,

or arm F, and thus permity jaw B to follow the movements of the screw.

The operation of our improved vise is as follows:

The parts being in the position shown in g. l, are ready for thereception of the article to be held. The pawl I, having been raised bythe action of spring H and lever E, the article to be held is to beinserted between the jaws, and screw C turned in the proper direction,tocause the moving jaw toapproach such article; and when it comes incontact therewith, the continued movement of screw G overcomesthetensionvof spring H, and the upper end of lever F commences to recedefrom jaw A; the rst'result of which is to cause the tripping-toe torecede from pawl I, and permit said, pawl to engage with the teethformed upon arm F, which has the eifect to convert jaw B into a leverfor the time, the fulcrum of which is at the point at which the arm F ispivotcd to said jaw.

When the jaw B has been converted into a lever, by the abovedescrbedmovement of the parts, the

projection B', upon its lower portion, is brought in contact with leverE by reason of the fact that lever E, so soon as it leaves its positionin contact with jaw A, commences to approach this projection, and, w-henin contact therewith, serves as the moving power for what is now bothlever and jaw B, thus forcing cutward its lower-end, which is guided inits movements by a screw working in -a slot, b, formed in the ears uponjaw A.

As a consequence of the above arrangement of the levers F and B, a largeincrease of power is obtained by the further turning of' screw C, as itis apparent that the distance from the point at which lever F is pivotcdto jaw A, is nearer the point of its contact with its fnlcrum on lever,or jaw B, than is the point at which the power is applied to said lever,thus leaving the long arm of such lever on the side of the appliedforce, and the short` arm on the side of the resistance.

A still further increase of power is obtained by the operation of thislong arm of lever Eupon the lower or 'long arm of jaw, or lever B, itsfulcrum, as before observed, being at the part at which arm F is pivotedto it, thus enabling lever E to press upon its long arm, and thus giveto the vise a largely-increased power of compression over what could beobtained with a screw idly-moving vise, when being opened or closed.

Having thus described our invention,

vWhat we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is v l l. Incombination with the jaw A,`a movable jaw, B, lever E, nut D, and screwC, so arranged that the movable jaw and lever shall form a compoundlever, operated by the screw forj-the compression of an article placedbetween the jaws, substantially in the manner set forth.

2. In combination with saidparts set forth' in the first clause ofclaim, the bar F, and pawl I, arranged to form an adjustable fulcrum forthe jaw B, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of the jaws A and B, screw C, lever E, and nut D,with an adjustable fulcrum and spring, H, so arranged that the movablejaw shall be actuated by the screw in closing upon an article placedbetween the jaws, until the increased resistance, causing the spring toyield, brings into action the united compressing-force of the screw andcompound lever, substantially in the manner set forth.

and B, leverE, nut D, screw O, bar F, paw] I, and j tripping-toe K,substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to this specification, inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDWIN CRAWLEY. THOS. L. BAYLIES. Witnesses:

JAS. A. McMEANs, E. S. BRAGG.

alone, while it possesses all the advantages of a rap- 4. Thecombination and arrangement of the jaws A

